pip

pip安装与换源

pip3 --version 			#检查是否安装了pip
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py   # 下载安装脚本
apt install python3-distutils
python3 get-pip.py    		# 运行安装脚本
pip3 install --upgrade pip 	# 更新

pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple # 更改源
pip config set global.index-url https://repo.datagrand.com/repository/py/simple # 更改源

pip install <package> -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com	# 临时使用源
pip install --no-index --find-links=./software -r requirements.txt	# 从本地查找whl文件

pip config list			# 查看pip配置

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换源-修改文件

windows

1. 地址栏输入%APPDATA%
2. 新建pip文件夹，在其下新建pip.ini文件

linux：~/.pip/pip.conf​或/etc/pip.conf​

[global]
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

pip常用指令

pip --version  # 显示版本和路径
pip --help  #获取帮助
pip install -U pip #升级pip
pip install SomePackage #最新版本
pip install SomePackage==1.0.4 #指定版本
pip install SomePackage>=1.0.4 #最小版本
pip install --upgrade SomePackage #升级包，通过使用==，>=, <=, >, < 来指定一个版本号
或 pip install -U SomePackage #升级包
pip uninstall SomePackage #卸载包
pip search SomePackage #搜索包
pip show #显示安装包的信息
pip show -f SomePackage #查看指定包的详细信息
pip list #列出已安装的包
pip list -o #查看可升级的包
pip freeze #查看已经安装的包以及版本信息
pip install SomePackage -i http://pypi.intra.xxx.com/simple/  --trusted-host pypi.intra.xxx.com #安装包时指定安装路径
pip install -r requirements.txt #安装指定文件中的包
##注意事项
#当python2和python3同时有pip,则使用方法如下：
python2 -m pip install xxx #python2
python3 -m pip install xxx #python3

  pip <command> [options]

Commands:
  install                     Install packages.
  download                    Download packages.
  uninstall                   Uninstall packages.
  freeze                      Output installed packages in requirements format.
  list                        List installed packages.
  show                        Show information about installed packages.
  check                       Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
  config                      Manage local and global configuration.
  search                      Search PyPI for packages.
  cache                       Inspect and manage pip's wheel cache.
  index                       Inspect information available from package indexes.
  wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.
  hash                        Compute hashes of package archives.
  completion                  A helper command used for command completion.
  debug                       Show information useful for debugging.
  help                        Show help for commands.

General Options:
  -h, --help                  Show help.
  --isolated                  Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
  -v, --verbose               Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
  -V, --version               Show version and exit.
  -q, --quiet                 Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
  --log <path>                Path to a verbose appending log.
  --no-input                  Disable prompting for input.
  --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
  --retries <retries>         Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
  --timeout <sec>             Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
  --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)bort.
  --trusted-host <hostname>   Mark this host or host:port pair as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any HTTPS.
  --cert <path>               Path to PEM-encoded CA certificate bundle. If provided, overrides the default. See 'SSL Certificate Verification' in pip documentation for more
                              information.
  --client-cert <path>        Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the certificate in PEM format.
  --cache-dir <dir>           Store the cache data in <dir>.
  --no-cache-dir              Disable the cache.
  --disable-pip-version-check
                              Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for download. Implied with --no-index.
  --no-color                  Suppress colored output.
  --no-python-version-warning
                              Silence deprecation warnings for upcoming unsupported Pythons.
  --use-feature <feature>     Enable new functionality, that may be backward incompatible.
  --use-deprecated <feature>  Enable deprecated functionality, that will be removed in the future.